Cat flu: When your house cat has a cold
Cat flu sounds harmless at first, but it's a serious condition that can be life-threatening if left untreated. Symptoms range from sneezing and watery eyes to fever and loss of appetite. But what exactly is behind cat flu? In this blog, we'll explain everything you need to know – from causes and symptoms to treatment options and prevention tips.
What is cat flu?
Cat flu is an infectious disease that affects the upper respiratory tract, the eyes, and often the entire body. It is caused by various viruses and bacteria that can spread easily.
Common pathogens of cat flu:
- Feline herpes viruses (FHV): Causes inflammation of the respiratory tract and eyes.
- Feline caliciviruses (FCV): Can cause mouth ulcers in addition to a runny nose.
- Bacteria: Such as Chlamydophila felis or Bordetella bronchiseptica worsen the symptoms.
Cat flu often occurs in young or unvaccinated cats, but can also affect older cats.
How contagious is cat flu?
Cat flu is highly contagious and spreads through direct contact with infected cats or contaminated surfaces.
This is how cat flu spreads:
- Direct contact: sneezing, sneezing or secretion transmission.
- Indirect contact: via bowls, blankets or toys.
- Droplet infection: When you sneeze or cough, pathogens are released into the air.
Cats in animal shelters, multi-cat households, or outdoor cats who have contact with other animals are particularly at risk.
Typical symptoms of cat flu
The symptoms of cat flu can range from mild to severe and depend on the pathogen and the cat's health condition.
Cat flu symptoms:
- Sneezing: Frequent, violent sneezing is a typical sign.
- Eye problems: Watery or sticky eyes, conjunctivitis.
- Nasal discharge: Clear to purulent discharge from the nose.
- Fever: Often accompanied by fatigue and loss of appetite.
- Mouth ulcers: Especially in cases of calicivirus infection.
- Breathing problems: wheezing or shortness of breath in severe cases.
The sooner you recognize the symptoms, the faster you can act and avoid worse consequences.
What to do if your cat has a cold? First aid at home
If you suspect your cat is suffering from cat flu, there are some initial steps you can take to help:
1. Clean eyes and nose
- Use a soft, damp cloth to gently clean sticky eyes or nose.
2. Warmth and peace
- Provide a warm, draft-free place for your cat to relax.
3. Stimulate appetite
- Warm the food slightly or offer food with a strong smell to stimulate the appetite.
4. Humid air
- Set up a humidifier or take your cat into the bathroom with you when you take a hot shower to moisten the airways.
Treating cat flu: A visit to the vet is mandatory
A visit to the vet is essential for cat flu in order to determine the exact cause and initiate appropriate treatment.
Diagnosis:
- Examination of the eyes, nose and respiratory tract.
- Sample collection (e.g. secretion) to determine the pathogen.
Treatment options:
- Antibiotics: For the treatment of bacterial infections.
- Antivirals: In severe cases against viral pathogens.
- Eye and nose drops: For the relief of inflammation and secretions.
- Fluid administration: Infusions for dehydrated cats.
- Strengthen the immune system: Supplementary feed with L-lysine or vitamins.
Prevention: Vaccinate against cat flu
The best prevention against cat flu is early vaccination. While it doesn't completely protect against infection, it significantly mitigates its symptoms.
Important facts about the cat flu vaccination:
- First vaccination: At 8–12 weeks of age.
- Refresher: After one year and then annually.
- Combination vaccination: Often given together with other vaccinations (e.g. against rabies).
When should you go to the vet?
In severe cases, cat flu can be life-threatening, especially for kittens or weakened animals. You should take these warning signs seriously:
- Severe sneezing and shortness of breath.
- Purulent or bloody nasal or eye discharge.
- Fever and lethargy.
- Loss of appetite for more than 24 hours.
A visit to the vet is essential to prevent complications such as pneumonia or permanent damage to the eyes and respiratory tract.
Frequently asked questions about cat flu
“Is cat flu curable?”
Yes, with the right treatment, cat flu is curable. A quick diagnosis is crucial.
“Can cat flu become chronic?”
In severe cases, permanent damage to the eyes or respiratory tract can result, especially without treatment.
“How dangerous is cat flu for humans?”
Cat flu is not transmissible to humans.
“Can vaccinated cats get cat flu?”
Yes, but the course is usually milder and less dangerous.
Conclusion: Cat flu – recognize early, act correctly
Cat flu is not a harmless cold, but a serious illness that, if left untreated, can have serious consequences. The most important points at a glance:
- Recognize symptoms: sneezing, runny nose, watery eyes, and fever.
- Act quickly: A visit to the vet and targeted treatment are crucial.
- Prevention: Regular vaccinations offer the best protection.
- Care at home: Warmth, rest and moist air support recovery.
With the right preventative care and treatment, you can help your pet recover quickly. Take good care of your cat—she'll thank you with a contented purr!
